Introduction
Thousands islands with different culture, its diverse archipelagos brings itself known as a maritime country. Lie between two oceans, Indian and Pacific, between two continents, Asia and Australia, being straddled by equator line making it tropical island. Over thousands islands from Sabang to Merauke. That’s Indonesia. Its capital city is Jakarta and its national language is Indonesia. Indonesia Independence day is commemorated on August 17th.
Indonesia, a republic country located in Southeast Asia also a member of G-20 places fourth rank most populous country with population of 249.9 million people and growth rate 1.2% annual change in 2013. Indonesia's poverty rate has been reduced to 11.2% in 2015. Its currency is rupiah where 1 US dollar is approximately 13240 rupiah. One out of nine people in Indonesia still live below poverty line. Almost half of Indonesians lack access to improved sanitation, 68% have access to hygienic toilet, and one per six Indonesians lack access to safe water. |
Problem
Having great potential doesn’t always mean having adequacy. For efficiency, optimizing is a must. Competition between humans’ needs and water is continuing to no end. That’s why between government, folk, and nature have to cooperate in order to improve both quality and quantity. Indonesia has trouble managing clean water supply. Urban areas don’t get as much attention as rural areas leading to unbalanced improvement. Rapid economic-industry growth and urbanization cause high water-use competition while water is key element of Indonesia economy. Non-filtrated industrial cesspit and household waste make water sources can't be used maximally. Dirty transferring pipe goes along the way and contaminate some water sources. Dirty water sources can affect the food chain and finally came as poison and diarrhea.
Only 29% get water facilities by pipe. Most of areas have clean water deficit caused by population that erupting continuously and bad water resources management. Java island now has the worst clean water need deficit, -134,102 million per m³ every year. Green areas, such as forest, green open-space actually role as conservator of clean water, but as the population keep increasing, same goes with humans’ needs –humans replace them with factories, building, office, etc. Lack of sanitation causing diarrhea brings death.
Only 29% get water facilities by pipe. Most of areas have clean water deficit caused by population that erupting continuously and bad water resources management. Java island now has the worst clean water need deficit, -134,102 million per m³ every year. Green areas, such as forest, green open-space actually role as conservator of clean water, but as the population keep increasing, same goes with humans’ needs –humans replace them with factories, building, office, etc. Lack of sanitation causing diarrhea brings death.
Solutions, Agreements or Suggestions
Being a tropical country has both positive and negative side. When its raining season, flood come. When its dry season, drought come. If there's a resolution, it would be rainwater shelter. It has been built in some districts. Indonesia's current president, Jokowi plans to build many water storage such as reservoir to secure water supply for agriculture to guarantee future daily needs. Indonesia has also planned to have NTP (Natural Treatment Plant) technology applied.
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Credits & References
World Bank, 2016. Countries/Indonesia Overview (updated 5 Apr 2016). Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/indonesia/overview
National Geographic, 2016. Ketika Krisis Air di Depan Mata (updated 22 March 2016). Available at: http://nationalgeographic.co.id/berita/2016/03/ketika-krisis-air-di-depan-mata
Berita Satu, 2014 Potensi Air Di Indonesia Perlu Dikembangkan (updated 24 Nov 2014). Available at: http://www.beritasatu.com/kesra/227700-potensi-air-indonesia-perlu-dioptimalkan.html
Credit to other owners that haven't been mentioned.
National Geographic, 2016. Ketika Krisis Air di Depan Mata (updated 22 March 2016). Available at: http://nationalgeographic.co.id/berita/2016/03/ketika-krisis-air-di-depan-mata
Berita Satu, 2014 Potensi Air Di Indonesia Perlu Dikembangkan (updated 24 Nov 2014). Available at: http://www.beritasatu.com/kesra/227700-potensi-air-indonesia-perlu-dioptimalkan.html
Credit to other owners that haven't been mentioned.